Interesting But Still Boring!!

   We have always been fascinated by listening to a particle known as Antimatter. If you love chemistry a lot and you see the world around you as a periodic table then, every term that is disobeying the laws of chemistry you will fight all day with your friends and teachers till you don't get an answer that satisfies your never ending doubts.

   Now antimatter in short is nothing but just a particle that has electrons instead of protons and protons instead of electron. all other properties are same as that of an atom of the same element. The most amazing fact is that this antimatter is not man made, it's naturally made and that too on the Earth's atmosphere. When High-Energy cosmic rays impact on the Earth's atmosphere minute quantities of antimatter are formed but these react with the normal particles around it and annihilate.

   Even a big cloud of antimatter has also been found by INTEGRAL satellite. Results say that the cloud is asymmetrical and has the pattern of X-ray binaries i.e binary stars that illuminate in X-rays. These antimatter are also created artificially.

   The existence of antiproton was confirmed experimentally in 1995. It was not just an antiproton created on 1995, an antihydrogen was also created at CERN. They created 9 atoms of it. It consisted of a positron and an antiproton. It will cost you $62.5 trillion to prepare 1 gram of antihydrogen, as per NASA on 1999.

   Even though these particles are so expensive, it is said that these antimatter can be used for medical use, as a fuel and for creating nuclear weapons. On nuclear fission of 1 kg of antimatter, the energy produced is equal to the amount  of energy produced by 43 megatons of TNT which slightly less than the biggest ever man made bomb, Tsar Bomb.

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Can A Wormhole On Earth Be Possible?

  As a student fro me wormholes and pathways to other dimension are so much fascinating that i can spend a whole day reading as many articles as i can till i don't get satisfied with the answers I get from the internet.

   Recently I came across that CERN will be running their LHC in an advanced configuration to get some better answers for their discovery of The God Particles. All these might seem a lot new and confusing to many of the reader so i have explained them further.

   CERN is an extremely advanced research center according to me. It is known as the European Organization for Nuclear Research. Scientist here use world's largest and some of the most complex scientific instruments to study and answer many of the unknown reasons based on particles, universe and many more.According to them their study goes much deeper than the nucleus of an atom, which is really fascinating as per the researches held til date.

   The second unknown word for many people might be LHC. It stands for Large Hadron Collider, it is the largest and most powerful particle accelerator ever build by a a human. The LHC consist of a 27 km ring of superconducting magnets with many accelerating structure to boost the energy of the particles that will be tested on this instruments.

   Next is The God particle also known as Higgs particle is a particle that was just a theory but the scientist's at CERN proved the existence of this particle with the LHC. With the name God Particle, it ain't any particle that can take u to God or help you converse with God. It was predicted by Peter Higgs and François Englert with just a standard model. They received Nobel Prize in Physics jointly on 8 October, 2013. These particles are smaller than any other known particle and are meant to be placed in equal density all over the Universe and it is this particles that provides a substance mass anywhere in the Universe. They don't react with photons(small packets of light) and so does photons have no mass as per the researches till date. This Higgs particle attract to any force that is placed in the Universe and increases mass with the increase in the density of these particles at a certain area.

   Well the most fascinating thing in the researches that are being carried out in these minute particles is that on 15 March, 2015 some scientists as i said before are restarting their research on this and are doubling LHC's collision energy for a wider research on these particles. But according to the rumours on the internet a Wormhole might be created in the collider that would drain Earth to a new dimension. Some even say that scientist at CERN have been witness to a Mirror World. No one knows that all these are just Conspiracies or Reality. According to me we are just advancing our knowledge on the field of Science and all these can help us answer many unknown reasons.

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Humanity at highest risk- Ozone depletion

Ozone layer is a layer in the earth's stratosphere at an altitude of about 10 km contains a high concentration of ozone in it. It absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiations coming from the sun rays.
                                                                                                                                                               

If the ozone layer completely disappears, life would be impossible on earth. Without ozone, people, animal and plant life would be destroyed.  The ozone molecules blocks the radiations which would otherwise burn our skin and cause cancer. Increasing exposure to the sun's radiation could also cause blindness and cataracts.

The main Ozone-Depleting Substances are:-
1. Chlorofluorocarbons(CFC's):- The most widely used, accounting for over 80% of total           stratospheric ozone depletion. Found in industrial solvents, dry-cleaning agents.
2. Halons:- Halons cause greater damage to the ozone layer than do CFC's form automobile air conditioners.
3. Methyl Chloroform:- Used mainly in industry- for vapour degreasing, some aerosols, cold cleaning and chemical processing.
4. Carbon Tetrachloride:- Used in solvents and some fire extinguishers.

We can only save the world by avoiding the depletion of the ozone layer by the following ways:-
1. Limiting use of private vehicles
2. Avoid using pesticides
3. Banning the use of harmful nitrous oxides
4. Use eco-friendly household products and
5. Stop using CFC's.

Hope you will follow these instructions and save humanity.

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Dyson Sphere

   A Dyson Sphere is a theoretical megastructure that is a man made satellite meant to completely encompass a star and captures all of its power output. The concept of this was totally a thought concept  by a mathematician and physicist Freeman Dyson.

  This sphere as somewhat similar to the solar panels that we ca find nowadays on earth in massive amounts. These sphere were meant to capture all the energy produced by the sun all the time and not like solar panels that can capture sun's energy only during day time. Dyson's proposal did not explain how such a thing could be constructed but it focused only on the issues of energy collection.
 
   Dyson sphere is far beyond engineering at present. Dyson sphere has 3 variants
1. Dyson swarm is the smallest structure of Dyson sphere which is a number of orbiting photovoltaics orbiting in a dense formation around a start.

2.Dyson bubble is similar to Dyson swarm where many Dyson swarms combine to form a skeleton of a sphere and these photovoltaics orbit around the star.

3. Dyson shell is a solid shell that would surround a start and capture all the output of the star.

  Dyson sphere couldn't become a reality because it is impossible for us to create such a structure and transfer the energy via no medium for the sphere to Earth. If this comes to reality then it would be the greatest leap in history towards energy storage and science.

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Ants too have soldiers - Driver Ants

Driver ants also known as Dorlyus, are a large genus of army ants found in central and east Africa, although the range also extends to tropical Asia. They are capable of stinging, but very rarely do so, relying instead of their powerful shearing jaws.

                                                                                                                                                                   

Seasonally, when food supplies become short, they leave the hill and form marching columns of up to 50,000,000 ants, which are considered a menace of people, though they can be easily avoided, as a column can only travel 20 metres in a hour. Their presence is, conversely, beneficial to certain human communities as they perform a pest prevention service in majority of other crop-pests, from insects to large rats.

Using their powerful cutting jaws, driver ants attack everything in their path, including snakes, birds, mammals, and even human beings. Their systematic search for prey involves climbing into trees and shrubs.

                      

Various East African tribal people, when suffering from a gash in the bush, will use the soldiers to stitch the wound by getting the ants to bite on both sides of the gash, then breaking off the body. This use of ants creates a seal that can hold for a days at a time, and the procedure can be repeated, if necessary.

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Self Healing Spacecraft

   We all get that small shiver that flows through our body when we hear it for the first time that Self Healing Spacecraft is something that is for real. As amazing it is to watch our wounds getting cured by its own and so is these materials that has been used in making these spacecrafts.

   While travelling in space small cracks are too harmful as these cracks might grow to bigger ones and weaken the hull of the spacecraft. But these material can cure themselves within seconds and can safeguard all the astronauts in the spacecraft throughout the journey.

    This material is made by an epoxy polymer composite. Polymer composites are advanced materials that are made from carbon, Kevlar and a resin. This material is filled with fluid. This fluid does the gluing part of the cracks formed. The special glue is dicyclopentadiene. This fluid are spread throughout the polymer in micro capsules (bubbles).

   This polymer will not be just used for spacecrafts but also for engineering, defense projects, electrics and many other products. 

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Fun with flame and colours

   If your a science student then you can have real fun in the chemistry lab of your college and amaze your friends with this easy trick.

   The magic is that you can alter the Bunsen Burner flame to different colors from simple compounds that would be easily available in your Lab.

   All u need to do is place the below mentioned elements on your Bunsen Burner and ignite it.

                              Element                                                           Flame Color

                              Lithium (Li)                                                     Red

                              Sodium (Na)                                                    Strong Persistent Orange
                              Potassium (K)                                                  Lilac (Pink)
                              Rubidium (Rb)                                                 Reddish-Violet
                              Cesium (Cs)                                                     Blue-Violet
                              Calcium (Ca)                                                   Orange-Red
                              Barium (Ba)                                                     Pale Green
                              Copper (Cu)                                                     Blue-Green
                              Lead (Pb)                                                         Grayish-White


  I hope that you guys have fun amazing your friends with this simple trick that they might not know.

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What if we burn all of the fuels on earth?

        This is easily predictable that if we burn all the fossil fuels available on Earth we will end up in a major chaos. The chaos that we would face in this case is not just a nightmare but something that might happen for real in the future if proper steps are not taken to preserve it.

      According to recent studies, if we burn all the fossil fuels available on Earth, the temperature would rise to such a height that all the ice would melt and sea level would rise by hundreds of feet. The amount of oceans too will increase in this case and we will have lesser amount of land to live.

      Its not just water. We will have high room temperatures as would have burnt so much fuels that tons of carbon would be released. Our life would me more steamy and hard as would have our vehicles but no gas to run it.

      It's almost near to late that we start taking steps to preserve these resources and save Earth for a better future instead of living a steamy nightmare.

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